6 Risk Factors for Early Onset Colorectal Cancer

Written By Taylor Hartman

Colorectal cancer is a potentially life-threatening condition that originates in the colon or rectum. Early detection significantly improves outcomes, with the American Cancer Society reporting a 91% survival rate when colorectal cancer is identified at an early localized stage.

However, an alarming rise in early-onset colorectal cancer—affecting individuals under 55—has underscored the importance of raising awareness about risk factors and prevention methods.

Understanding Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer

According to a 2023 study by Imperiale et al., the incidence of colorectal cancer in individuals below age 55 has been increasing by approximately 2% annually. This trend highlights the urgent need to educate younger populations about their risks and encourage proactive screening and prevention measures.

Lifestyle Risk Factors

Your daily habits significantly impact your overall health, and colorectal cancer risk is no exception. Key lifestyle-related risk factors include:

1. Physical Inactivity

A sedentary lifestyle is strongly linked to colorectal cancer and other chronic diseases. Regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight, promotes optimal digestion, and keeps the colon active, potentially lowering cancer risk.

2. Dietary Choices

Diets high in red and processed meats are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. To reduce this risk:

  • Limit your intake of red and processed meats.

  • Focus on a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
    These dietary adjustments not only support colon health but also enhance overall well-being.

3. Alcohol Consumption

Excessive alcohol consumption is a well-known risk factor for various cancers, including colorectal cancer. Moderation is essential; for men, this means no more than two drinks per day, and for women, no more than one.

4. Smoking

While smoking is most commonly associated with lung cancer, it also increases the risk of colorectal cancer. Quitting smoking can significantly reduce your risk of several cancers and improve overall health.

Non-Lifestyle Risk Factors

Some risk factors for colorectal cancer are beyond your control but are equally critical to understand:

5. Family History

A family history of colorectal cancer or related conditions increases your likelihood of developing the disease. If colorectal cancer runs in your family, inform your healthcare provider to schedule earlier and more frequent screenings.

6. Chronic Health Conditions

Conditions like Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can elevate your risk of colorectal cancer. Proper management of these chronic illnesses under medical supervision is vital.

Prevention and Early Detection

Knowledge and prevention are your most powerful tools against colorectal cancer. Here’s how to stay proactive:

  • Screen Regularly: Follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations for colorectal cancer screening, especially if you’re at higher risk.

  • Adopt Healthy Lifestyle Habits: Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol use can lower your risk.

  • Communicate with Your Doctor: Discuss your family history and any concerning symptoms with your SageMED provider. Together, you can develop a personalized prevention plan.

Early detection can make all the difference. By understanding your risk factors and making informed lifestyle choices, you can take steps to protect your health.

Conclusion

The rise in early-onset colorectal cancer emphasizes the need for vigilance, awareness, and preventive action. While some risk factors, like genetics, are out of your control, many lifestyle changes can reduce your risk. By staying active, eating a nutritious diet, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol, and staying on top of screenings, you can significantly improve your odds of prevention or early detection.

Talk to a healthcare provider during your next visit to learn more about your personal risk factors and create an optimal plan for prevention. Early action saves lives—start now.

References

American Cancer Society. (n.d.). Colorectal cancer risk factors: Hereditary colorectal risk factors. Hereditary Colorectal Risk Factors. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/colon-rectal-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

Imperiale, T. F., Myers, L. J., Barker, B. C., Larson, J., Stump, T. E., & Daggy, J. K. (2023). Risk factors for early-onset sporadic colorectal cancer in male veterans. Cancer Prevention Research. https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.capr-22-0506

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